Liberation Theology, emerging in the 20th century, focuses on the liberation of oppressed peoples. It posits that God’s grace is active in the struggle against social injustices, and faith is expressed through solidarity with the marginalized. Works are integral, as they manifest the transformative power of the gospel in addressing systemic oppression. Transformation involves both personal and societal change, aiming for justice and equality.
Liberation theologians challenge abstract notions of grace by grounding it in the concrete struggle for justice. Gutierrez (1988) insists that grace is the gratuitous love of God that manifests in history through the liberation of the oppressed. Cone (1990) ties grace to Christ’s liberating work on behalf of the downtrodden, describing it as the liberating event that breaks the chains of oppression. In liberation theology, grace and justice are inseparable: grace makes liberation possible, and liberation is the historical manifestation of grace.